Did the Attlee government of 1945-1951 have a coherent programme for changing Britain Essay Example

Did the Attlee government of 1945-1951 have a coherent programme for changing Britain Essay The Labour governments period in office between 1945 and 1951 after a landslide victory over Churchill the commander of the allied forces after victory in the second world war the can be explained by the huge number of votes for the labour government by members of the forces wanting to can the country they left, labours office can be divided into two distinct periods. The first period saw the government attempting the extension of wartime economic planning, the implementation of their nationalisation programme, and a level of social planning concurrent with the organisation of the welfare state. The construction of the post-war consensus rested on the Governments ability to deliver its aims of full employment, coupled to the provision of a comprehensive welfare state. This was to be achieved through government being permitted to manage the economy, and the implementation of its nationalisation programme, both with the cooperation of the Trade Unions Movement. The Attlee years 1945-1951. The economy was facing much strain after the war; the government was facing a financial Dunkirk. Although labour paved on with an extensive reform programme, just as they had promised in their campaign. The economic policy of the government was in favour of working class families. Rationing was still present in favour of keeping living cost down; development at regional level was pushed to avoid any returns of mass unemployment much of the surplus from the armed forces joined in on the development at regional level keeping the unemployment figures low as 9 million bodies were tied up in the armed forces after the war these people needed to be absorbed into the work force without having a period of wide spread unemployment. Progressive rates of tax were kept in place to keep the cost for the public low. We will write a custom essay sample on Did the Attlee government of 1945-1951 have a coherent programme for changing Britain specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Did the Attlee government of 1945-1951 have a coherent programme for changing Britain specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Did the Attlee government of 1945-1951 have a coherent programme for changing Britain specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Britain had to get used to not producing munitions and supplies for the army and start producing according to the publics demand, and as consumers had money saved from the war as they could not spend it they are ready and waiting to buy showing a possibility of a danger that the pressure of demand would become excessive and find vent in inflation (A. Cairncross), and there were fears that full employment would lead to unions opening the doors on wage inflations, Attlee was able to convince the union to slow down union activity in the early post war years so the economy could get back on its feet. Not helping this matter was the fact that Britain had managed to incur the largest external debt in history, balance of payments after the war amounted to  £10,000 million, a lend lease from America met half of this amount the rest had to be found my selling foreign investment and by borrowing sterling of dollars. However the debt after the war continued to escalate Attlee told the House of Commons British earning form exports were currently no more than  £350 million a year to which other receipts of foreign exchange might add a further  £50 million. Total outgoings, on the other hand, including military expenditure abroad and the food and other supplies previously paid for by the United States, were running at the rate of  £2000 million a year. This left a gap of  £1200 million a year to be met by fresh borrowing abroad (A. Cairncross The British economy since 1945). Forecast suggest that balance of payments would continue for a least three years and the figure of  £125 0 million extra was expected before balance would be restored. This meant that imports had to be kept below that of pre war days and exports had to be raised to that of pre war days as well, in order for the country to start making money again and get out of debt. However Britain needed to raise exports a considerable amount because exports in pre war days only covered 55% of the cost of imports, the rest was made up my net shipping earnings and foreign investment and with the lost of half of Britains merchant marine core during the war Britains exporting power had decreased severely. After the war much of the world economies were in deficient as other countries had to borrow from aboard namely America to sustain their imports and as these supplies cost dollars a shortage in dollars followed. Because of this Britains gold and dollars reserves depleted, even though there was enough sterling around the world to pay for Britains exports if payment were made in sterling this also hindered to pay back America The worldwide dollar shortage affected Britain due to dollars being favoured over sterling in international dealings and hindered the repayment of America. After the war it was clear that Britain needed assistance in terms of finance and as the United States was in a position to help and a loan or grant was needed. After negotiations a loan was secured with conditions attached to it Under the Brentton Woods Agreement Britain would be free to defer making the pound convertible until the end of the period of transition, however this was brought forward to mid 1947. The loan lifted some pressure Several major industries were taken into public ownership private companies were not running these industries well and nationalisation was popular. Nationalisation was prominent in the fuel and power industries as well as transport and communication. Nationalisation cost the government huge amount of money to bring them up to speed this in a time when public spending should be kept to a minimum, however this is justified in the coal industry as coal was in high demand after the war both at home and abroad as the need for fuel was high in Europe and increased our exports. It is a common thought that the labour government implemented nationalisation too early and needed to concentrate on policy for post war reconstruction. After 1942 when the Beveridge report was published it was clear by the reaction of the public that the next government needed a reform. And the Attlees government responded by a rapid reform in welfare much of which was set up by the coalition government but the labour government was left to give depth to these ideas, payments of these services was met by national insurance contributions by way of the National Insurance Act. This brought together benefits to insure against sickness, unemployment, and housing, after the war many house were destroyed and due do and increasing population help by the baby boom houses were needed. However maybe the most important reform was the National Health Service (NHS), this introduced free access to hospitals and general practitioner services effectively free care from cradle to grave 1949 saw the devaluation of the pound in order to make British exports more competitive overseas, above all in America markets. The opposition said that the devaluation was humiliation and further added that the country was under mismanagement. The nation sway can be seen in the results of the 1950 general election, although Attlee stayed in office there was a swing towards the conservative party. 950 saw the Korean War this event coincided two other major developments that eventually became over shadowed by the War, the Schuman plan and the emerge ion of the European Payments Union. Rearmament became a major issue and the government wanted to expand munitions by four fold during a time when there was little raw materials and primary commodities of all kinds had risen steeply in price and t he terms of trade were in coarse of shifting against the UK by nearly 20%, this lead to a two year long sterling crisis(Cairncross), the labour government lost power half way through this crisis. The event saw cracks in a previously solid government as some labour MPs felt that the reason for fighting this war on communism was to show America support because of the amount of money lent to us by the States, a tear in ranks turned into a major split when a large defence budget was announced. Rearmament issues gave way to much criticism for the government. More discontent can be see when S. Cripps proposed cut backs in the NHS to spend on rearmament, which Bevan refused to accept. Bevans resignation showed a split and division over strategy and the fragmentation of the party was noticed, leading to the Tories regained power at the election in October 1951. There are two types of consensus about Attlee reign. One side believe it went some of the way towards satisfying wartime demands for a change in Britain. The economy recovered from the ravage of war while avoiding a return in mass unemployment, and the government followed through their promised to implement the Beveridge report. The other side claims the Attlees government disillusioned its members by its modest reform, and lack of breaking down class barriers and that the party was not true to its socialist ideas and was not left wing enough. Another criticism is that the government introduce to much socialism and if the government concentrated on rebuild itself industrially rather than concentrate on welfare reform. This opinion was taken my the conservative government in the 80s to undermine the labour party and its achievements, how every economic history shows that labour boosted industrial production, manufacturing output and the volume of exports. Conclusion Labour did so much for the working class the people of its party during this period, the working class who made up the majority of the population enjoyed job security fresh opportunities opened up in education for the youth, pensions approximated as never before to a living income. Affordable, decent housing came within the react of thousands of lower income families and the NHS treated millions of patients. The changes to the country that were needed after war was largely met by the labour government by the end of its term. The enormous rearmament programme towards the end of Attlees labour government life over shadowed this position. The economy although at a deficit would return back to balance as soon as terms of trade returned to normal levels. The consumer boom came after the government left office but it showed that the action the government took was correct. The labour government succeeded in what it set out to do in difficult conditions. Although I am not saying it was all plain sailing, 1947 brought endless crises for Attlee and the government seemed happy for the balance of payments situation to deplete the reserves. Much of parliaments time and money was spent on moving a number of industries from the private sector to the public sector without any real understanding on how to run them themselves. Post war policy did not save Britain but avoided complete disaster and set the stage for the boom that followed. The Labour government made several changes ones which were immense and long lasting. In little more than five years, the Labour Government managed to nationalize nearly one-fifth of the British economy in a largely peaceful, almost uneventful, fashion, nationalization which survived virtually intact until Margaret Thatcher. Alongside this achievement was the Labour Governments creation and marked expansion of the Welfare State. While some of the reforms such as the National Insurance Act built directly upon wartime and pre-war initiatives, others such as the National Health Service went far beyond the scope of any wartime policies or suggestions in the Beveridge Report. Yet despite these massive changes, in the aggregate Labours changes were a mosaic of reform and conservatism. Education, while reformed in 1944 due to the Churchill War Governments Butler Act, for the most part still remained untouched as an institution in British society, and the class structure changed very little between 1945 and 1951. Nevertheless, the Welfare State and nationalization, with all of its perhaps inevitable warts, offered a basis for future social advance. (Morgan), In the end the Labour Government offered to the British people a new concept of citizenship, universal and comprehensive(Morgan) for the first time. I believe Attlee did have a coherent plan for Britain however obstacles got in the way of where the Labour Government wanted to finish.

us history motivation essays

us history motivation essays One nation, under God... These words come from the United States pledge of allegiance. The United States, upheld by its prestige, has always been and still remains the worlds most promising and elite nation. Its institution of democracy, effective economic structure, diversity of ethnic backgrounds, military prowess, stable government, and advance technology supports its renowned reputation. Established as its individual nation apart from Great Britain in July 4,1776, the United States experienced as much accomplishments as it did struggles. Its history, whether its grain smoothened or splintered, conceals much more to it then just events of the past. Thus, the history of the United States brings fascination because of selective reasons pertaining to self-awareness, loyalty, and pride. First and foremost, the wonders of ones own place and belonging helps magnify their curiosity for their countrys history. Whether natively born, or as a settling immigrant in the U.S., the knowledge of ones own country should undoubtedly be considered. The history of the United States helps explain much of its functions. A figurative way of looking at it would be that without the past, there would be no present. Also, the metaphoric connection between ones household and ones nation argue why one should be sincere about their countrys history. In other words, ones country resembles the essence of a family and should serve likewise. Like the family name, a country has its own distinctions. In perspective, knowing ones place only results from the insatiable urge of finding ones self. The historical outline of a nation should be regarded simply out of respect. The Puritans, Americas first non-native inhabitants, strived for their freedom against British oppression. Thus, they contributed to the existence of the United States. In doing so, their accomplishments deserve undivided recognition. As one of ...

Hovey Insurance & Financial Services Research Paper

Hovey Insurance & Financial Services - Research Paper Example If these fees are unsuccessful, the organization cannot successfully move the project to the completion stage. The dynamism with which the business environment is changing with constrains all organizations in business. In the current business environment, few organizations have surplus resources. If anything, they struggle with the limited resources and tight budgets to realize their objectives. Hovey Insurance & Financial Services Company, being part of this environment, has to contend with the high competition levels and low budgets. This at times bends the organization to opt for the lowest bidder while seeking the right people to deal with in the development process. Low bidders mean that the organization cannot afford the best brains, the most knowledgeable and the most experienced specialists in the market. Subsequently, the quality of products may not meet the expectations of the planners while it may take a longer time before completing. Lack of information technology is yet another problem facing the company. In the current business environment, technology plays a crucial role in the success of the business. Currently, most of the organizations have computerized their operations to suit the global demands and quality requirements of goods and products. For high quality products and services, companies have to give priority to technological investments. Companies operate on a global competitive platform, where customers have unlimited choices of goods and services. Increasingly, more organizations are investing in technology to have the upper hand in the market. Most aim at having long-term benefits from technological investment. Although the initial capital investment by a company in technology is high, there are numerous long-term benefits accrued. Companies save on time taken in producing goods while service industry firms gain more from customer loyalty resultant from high quality services. These are the missing factors in Hovey Insurance & Financia l Services since the company has low technological investment capacity. While developing the company’s website, the company faced a myriad of problems. There was an acute shortage of technology in the country during the developmental stages of the website. This poses even a bigger problem to Hovey Insurance & Financial Services as monitoring of the trends and the traffic of people visiting the site will be a problem. This might mean additional costs to the firm as it may frequently need to outsource these services to an external provider. This poses a dual problem to the organization. On one hand, the organization suffers the problem of secrecy and autonomy as it has to allow inside information to the public. This could have devastating effects on the organization as the contracted person may decide to trade the information with the organization’s competitors. On the other hand, the quality of services provided may be compromising against the high costs charged by the provider. This problem even gets worse when the organization factors in its constrained budget. Time is essential in completing high quality work or when providing high quality services to the customers. While developing a project, the planners and implementers allow enough time to plan the project, get it on its feet and help it start running. It also allows for any changes whenever a problem arises in the implementation

Citizens bank Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Citizens bank - Essay Example The researcher states that the strategic problem that the Citizens bank is facing is followed by an important tactical problem: up to then, in 2004, the organization has used acquisitions as a tool for promoting growth. Acquisitions, as developed through the years, led, necessarily, to the radical transformation of organizational structure: in 1992 the employees of the organization were estimated to just 1,300 while in 2004 the firm’s staff reached the ‘24,000 people across the  USA’. It was at this point that the tactic of the organization to proceed to acquisitions led to concerns. Larry Fish, the CEO of the firm identified the particular issue; it was clear that for the future the terms of acquisitions in which the organization would proceed should change. At the same time, Fish had to face another problem: Citizens Group was no more a bank of average size; it has become a major competitor in the US banking industry. Thus, the practices used up to then for se curing the firm’s image in the market should be reviewed. It has become clear that the firm was facing a tactical problem: the rate of acquisitions of other banks/ financial institutions have become so rapid that the organization’s mission and values could be doubted, as of their feasibility. The firm’s CEO would have to resolve a series of issues related to the above practice. From 1992, up to the acquisition of Charter One, the organization’s growth has been gradual.

The Culture Effects in Women Performance at the Public Agencies in Research Proposal

The Culture Effects in Women Performance at the Public Agencies in Saudi Arabia - Research Proposal Example The rulers enforce the Islamic law in handling the state’s executive, administrative and judicial functions. The country’s most significant natural resource is oil and the main business areas are oil refinery, jewels etc. Development plans and policies are based on the Islamic values. Background of the Study: All Saudi Arabians are Muslims and some are included in a minority of Shia. They are following Handbali School of Islamic law. The women may not have any rights like men in the society. They have limitations to enter in to the society. They are not allowed to drive and without permission of male guardian (Muharam) they will not travel abroad. â€Å"Women are employed in girls' schools and the women's sections of universities, social work and development programs for women, banks that cater to female clients, medicine and nursing for women, television and radio programming, and computer and library work. Sections of markets are set aside for women sellers. However, only about 7 percent of Saudi Arabia's formal workforce is female† (Saudi Arabia, 2011). The separation is considered as the mechanism for sexual modesty. Their status is high in the family, in their role like mother or sister. A significant number of women are succeeding in academic, business, literary production etc, even when facing restrictions to public. This is because of the gaining popularity of women’s literature than earlier times.... The social and cultural rights of Saudi females are circumscribed by the values of sexual segregation that leads to restrain or limit their activity. Working in Saudi Arabia is a challenging factor, especially for women. Saudi Arabian culture and values are different it is highly oriented with Islamic religion. Their dresses also express religious piety. It must not be very fit for body and it must not attract any attentions. â€Å"Like a woman's clothing, a woman's role in Saudi Arabia culture is largely dictated by the prevailing religious beliefs. Unlike in the West, where a woman's equal partnership with her husband is at least given lip service, a Saudi marriage is often arranged† (A Women’s Perspective on Saudi Arabia Culture, 1995). Aim and Objectives: 1) To identify the various cultural barriers faced by the women in performing the public agencies in Saudi Arabia. 2) To identify the how the cultural values of Saudi Arabia affect the performance of women in publi c agencies? 3) To identify the various problems faced by the women in Saudi Arabia. Significance of Study: Saudi Arabian women are facing a big challenge to perform in public agencies. They feel like tied in the home. They do not have permission to enter in to the society or to be active in any economical or political field. The traditional culture and law make them feel bad for themselves. Western countries are giving high consideration to women’s opinion and participation. They do not face any restraints in entering in to the society and can travel at night also. They are self-sufficient and work in high positions in various organizations. Saudi women, also, have the urge to become independent and self-sufficient and they yearn for those things. But there are

Continuous Professional Development Project

Continuous Professional Development Project The purpose of written this paper on continuous professional development was as per the requirement of the Executive Development Project module. In addition to that it was a thirst to know how to improve and broaden my knowledge and skills in order to develop a respectful quality personality in my personal and professional lives. This report will exhibit and define the conscious updating of my professional knowledge and personal characterises. Limitation of the Report The following are some of the limitation faced while doing my Continuous professional Development project. The fact some of my friends, relatives and workmate are working on rotational bases, therefore it took me a lot of time to arranging face-to-face interview. Some of the Questionnaire feedback were received late. Emotional embedded feedback from others. Methodology/Approach Sample The samples represented in this study were gathered during the period between April and September, 2007. Questionnaires, Interviews, visits, Electronic Mail and SMS were used to obtain the required information from a mixture of Family members, relatives, friends, classmates, and workmate. Fifty completed questionnaires were returned out of fifty, 10 SMS were received, forty face-to-face interviews, ten phone interviews were conducted in addition to 7 home visits. Interviews An interview is an intentional interaction between persons in which one person seeks information from another person. Interviews can take place face-to-face or by other modes of personal interaction (York, 1998). As mentioned previously forty face-to-face interviews and ten phone interviews were conducted. Usually when I needed to obtain information from managers, supervisor and people whom I do not know very well I used to do Face-to-face interviews. As well as there sometimes could be non-common question, that you can not ask everyone. The fact that I would be on the opposite rotation (field employee) with others colleagues I used to call them and carry on the interview via the phone. I did interviews, because some of my friends, relatives and family do not speak or read English. Questionnaire English and Arabic questionnaire were used due to the reasons presented earlier. Close-ended questions were used as this provided cooperation and more likely to get responses rather then the open-ended structures. Even though answer choices were made available, respondent had the option of offering their own responses at the end of the questionnaire as there were some of the open-ended questions. SMS Well you my wonder how did I used this method to gather the necessary information. Speaking the fact, samples I illustrated above you can not get all data that you need or they may have thought of at that moment or by filling questionnaire. There could be missed points, so what I thought of is that whenever someone remembers or something pup up in his mind S/he would send me SMS, well indeed it worked. Electronic Mail As it being an easy way of distribution, I used E-mail for the purpose of distributing and gathering the questionnaires feedback. About Myself The below lines are not an evaluation of my personal, academic or professional career, it is just a background or an overview of myself as per the requirements by the module. Personal Due to the crises occurred in Oman, prior Sultan Qaboos bin Said crowned as a Sultan of Sultanate of Oman, many Omani travels around the world (India, Pakistan, Iran and East-Africa) for the sake of living a good life and business as well. My father and my grand father (mother side) were one of the people, who moved to Tanzania and got married there. There I was born; I am Saud Ali Saleh Al-Omairi, born in 28th August, 1978 in East Africa- Tanzania in a small village called Sikonge one of the six districts of the Tabora Region. My mother says that, I was named Nasser, but unfortunately everyday I was a non-stop crying machine, so they thought of changing my name to Saud due to that! Well its their myth, and I cant argue with that, because indeed I stopped crying. Another story that I could remember been told is that, when I was born I was so fat, that there was a competition, where I got the second fattest babe award. I get two sisters and I got four brothers, where I am the youngest of all. The fact of being the youngest of all, I been called Mother spoiled boy where everything I wanted it I could get it. We stayed in Tanzania till I was five years old, when my father decided, that its the time to get back to Muscat in the year of 1983. Well we leaved in Athaibah-Muscat, in a rental wooden house for a couple of years, and then we moved to Maabelah-Muscat in 1985. One of the things I could remember, that is there used to be only one school, where my sister used to study in the morning and I used to go to school in the afternoon. Well that was only for a couple of years, and the government built another school just near by our house. Considering the school was near by, at break time I used to jump the school walls and get back home for a fast meal and get back to school again. One thing made me stop doing that, is that one day I was wearing light shoes, so on my jump, underneath there was a broken bottle of coca cola or red wine I dont recall, what I do remember is that I was at the hospital and my foot was stitched and a slap. Prior 1990 my father slipped in the toilet and felled on his back and got paralysed, and died in 1990. By that time I was eleven years old, just four years later my eldest brother got an accident, just 2km away from home and died due to internal bleeding. So now I get three brothers and two sisters. I graduated from college in 1999 and directly started my first career with National Bank of Oman. One year later, in 2000 I got married to my classmate; well my eyes were spotted on her since the first day she walked into the classroom. For the time being I get one daughter, she is four years old and a son who is one year and half. Well our first child was a boy, but he died on the delivery. Academic I finished my secondary school grade in 1996, but my grade was not sufficient enough for my to go in university, so I entered Muscat Technical Industrial College (High Technical College (Now)) in Information Technology major, where I met my lovely wife. When I entered the college my first ambition was to graduate with high grade and join the university as the first ten in all college over Oman (5 colleges) were given opportunities to complete their study at the university. Well I did what I was into it I graduated with distinction and got the second place. Looking to the fact where my family needed help I stopped dreaming about university and joined the work force in 1999. Well the opportunity came back again to join the University as a part time study, so in 1999 I entered the university and graduated in 2000. Now am doing my MBA program at university of Bedfordshire. Professional Talking about my professional career, I have joined several companies during my professional career. First during my study at the college I worked at a Shell petrol Station as a petrol station man and the next year I worked at Burger King, where my duties were preparing sandwiched, cleaning and customer services. When I graduated I joined the National Bank of Oman in 1999 as a programmer. Two years later I joined Schlumberger Oilfield Company, where I challenge myself and professions as being an IT graduate to work in a totally different discipline and became an oilfield specialist. Well the plan did not go well, I had an argument with our manager due to our contract agreement, and so two years later I resigned and stayed jobless for three month. After that as part time job I worked for a Forex Trade Market, where we used to trade on currency in the international market, another professions change for me. Well two month later I joined a public sector (public authority for Social Assurance) as a Computer Technician. Things did not go well too as my approach was a private sector relation, where in Oman it is totally different in public sector it is all about who is in control and commend. I did not like the situation over there, so I got another opportunity at Gulf business Machine (IBM Distributor-Gulf region). Now am working at Occidental Oil and Gas (Oman) Ltd. is wholly-owned subsidiaries of Occidental Petroleum Corporation an international oil and gas exploration and production company based in the United States and headquartered in Los Angeles, California. Critical Events, Activities and Experiences Prior commencing analysing my characteristic, behaviour, previous and current career position and planning my career development, first I thought to underline some of the facts and most significant event happened in my life in my opinion, that altered my career and life. Professional Looking for better opportunities Resigning from Schlumberger, where I did not have another job Personal Religious Believes. Getting married at earlier age, 21. Choosing between joining universities and joining the work force. Joining the Karate Club. Academic Working while studying, Studying while working. Doing the MBA program. Analyse of Critical Event and Personality A continuous professional development log consists of a list of issues in my point of view that is related to my progression in development. This log later is used to create a development agenda. Therefore in order to create my CPD log I followed steps as suggested by Megginson and Whitaker, 2007, which I founded convenient for me to analyse some of the facts, my characterises, personality, professions and my personal life. Limitation There is always constraint in everyones career progression and life; there could be some rear cases, where the path is widely opened. Skills deficits Being short in skills was not a wall which stood against my development progression, am a self confident and I do believe in my skills capability. Fixing fuzziness A good example illustrated by Megginson and Whitaker, 2007 in Big Rock Story, its about the order I put the things into my life, put the big things first, so the little ones can fit later. When I was studying in school I did not have a proper plan for myself the only things that were on my agenda were as follow: Joining University Join Work Force Getting Married/Kids Build a house Now my Agenda is: Build a house Completing My Study PHD Professional Development Management Professional Development Supervision Completing My Study MBA Attitude Our attitude towards life has a great impact on our professional progress. We can change through choosing our attitude, attitude are learned and can be changed over time. ( Megginson and Whitaker, 2007). 100% of the responses indicated that am an arguer in most of the discussions especially non-work related issues. This attitude always drives me toward a defensive communication habits in most of the times. Priorities first and Preventing procrastination Our religion encouraged us to do changes in our self first then others, how you can change someone else if you dont change yours first. Going back on my career development I did delay my university study to join the work force that was due to family needs. Well somehow I managed to carry on my studies while working, because I committed my self and still toward a target that is planned. Succeeding for self I do not usually seek for someone opinion to know if am successful or not, or look what someone has achieved. I do consider my self successful if I do what is supposed to do frankly and in proper way, as well if I meet my plan agenda. My parents did not draw my path so I would be a pilot, doctor or an engineer. They gave me the choice to do what I believe in, I achieve my definition of success not someone elses definition. Well in seeking the opinion on the above, 70% responded that am rarely influenced by others, 20% always, 30% not at all. Living the presents In interviews I wanted to know how often I talked about the happy and bad moments in my life. Without been surprised by the answers, 95% replied that I always mentioned the happy moments and hated discussing on bad ones. 5% replied that I talked about it equally. I do believe in one thing, letting go bad moments we can give full attention to the present. If our time is spent on regrets and we are focused on the past, we have less attention and energy to explore our future development and to ask what can I do today that will enhance my future career? solutions-focused approaches to development help us to get away from a deficit-oriented approach to the past and are increasingly used in coachng ( Berg and Szabo, 2005) and in change management (Jackson and McKergow, 2002). Developing An Extraordinarily Realistic Self-Image The priority that we give to any issue depends on how relevant that subject is to us. In order for me to identify where I need to put energy into my own development, its necessary to develop what (Inglis, 1994) calls an ERSI. The output of this consideration of where I stand now will be my development needs to be addressed. As defined by (Megginson and Whitaker, 2007) colleting data to create ERSI will need my attention to the following sources: Work itself Reflection by self Feedback from others Individual psychometric and self-diagnostic measures Organizational metrics Professional metrics the CPD scanner. Work Itself This will assist me to assess how much I enjoy my current role and to explore how I see my career at the moment. Pinch points at work Viewing the current position where am I now, I can underline some of the issues that are faced. It is very rear for me to get feedback or guidance from my superior, unless there is critical situation needed to be resolved. Sometime I would spend the whole weeks at my office desk without a visit by my superior or a call. Our assessment is usually done ones a year and it is a very short amount of time I spend it with my superior and discuses issues as well as my development plan, which is unfortunately just words in paper. Since my last assessment which was on February, 2007 till now nothing was discussed between me and my superior about my development which was plan in my assessment sheet in year 2007. Utilizing my knowledge and skills is another aspect where it is missed. I could say in my current position am only utilizing 50% of my skills and knowledge. Can these be resolved? Well speaking the fact it is the fact that am being living it for two years now, and other employees as well. In my opinion most of the above issues is related to management line, and changes could be done I do not mean by changing management, but enhancing the way things are carried out is the most convenient way to solve issues. Fizzing in the stretch zone Exercising activity on fizzing in the stretch zone by (Megginson and Whitaker, 2007) to identify my career plateau. My score was 18, which indicated that am in need to identify what can I do differently to increase my work self-esteem. Am at the comfort zone, where I am on daily work routine nothing is exciting. Its been long time since I been in the stretch zone where I felt work excitement, thus a need for a change will be significant. A weekly review progress will be helpful. Career metaphor The best Metaphor that could describe my career is Nomad or Bedouin or what we call them in Middle East Badu. Bedouin travel by camel from oasis to oasis, following a traditional way of life. This metaphor represent they way my career was, I tend to frequently change my professional career from one position to another, that in my opinion helped me in gaining more skills and experience. Changing professions always excite me, where I tend to do what I was not doing before. As previously mention in my life background I had a series of highs and lows in my career. I used to be a programmer then a Field technician, where I used to be in higher position and earn much higher then when I was in the public sector. Although that is the cause of changing professions where you tend to try new things, but my rewards are the experience I have gained, which lead me to better earning. Now I feel that am in need of a steady career development in upward progression. Development issues emerging from reflection Johari Window Johari window is a psychological tool created by Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham in 1955, used to help people better understands their interpersonal communication and relationships. It is used primarily in self-help groups and corporate settings (wikipedia). In 2006 I attended a course on Leadership; one of the things was as an exercise for us to work on Johari Window. The following were on the blind area: Team Contributor Short Temper written 3 times Defensive attitude Helpful Being Magnificent? Whats stopping me from being magnificent? I believe the following are the constraints that limit me performance, that stop me from being magnificent. Not being able to utilize all my skills and experience Not being able to show my capabilities. Working environment Mural is Zero No Opportunities. Short vision of my current position by the management. Purpose and values and Self-actualisation My main purpose and value are distinguished between home and work the progression toward superior or line management path is my work purpose. Establishing a respectful and friendly family relationship is my home value. They are my principle points along my development all the way. It is unclear where am I heading toward my development career. There is nothing excite me that indicate a progression. Currently in my position am a Sr. technical engineering assistant, where I have reached the maximum allowable grade in this position, therefore my intentions would stop over here if I continued my career at the same position. Am spending time doing what is expected for me to do achieving one task after another. (Maslow, 1943) came with the notion of self-actualisation the state at the top of his hierarchy of needs where a person is so engaged in an activity that they lose all track of time. Now I feel like am losing my purpose, which lead to work stress. Reflection Reflection is an opportunity to check out our personal and professional congruence ( Megginson and Whitaker, 2007). Through out my career time, I have experienced moments (mention previously), that turns the way I used to think. It made think twice and wisely before I could make a decision, thats why the habit of hesitation in making decision is always in me. Reflection had an impact in my life as well as my career the following summarize this: Professional Looking for better opportunities Frequently Career Change ( Job Change ) through out where I have gained more skills and experience, that allowed me be capabilities of handling various organizational positions and tasks. Resigning from Schlumberger, where I did not have another job Here I learned how to take responsibilities and make well thought-out of my decisions. Learned to judge the consequences of my actions , that could affect my career and life as well. Personal Religious Believes kept me away from being enrolled into gangsters and drugs issues, as of I lived in a very corrupted area (Maabelah), where two of my friends died as they were involved in drug business. Getting married at earlier age lead me to be more accountable in my actions, decision making, and responsibilities. Choosing between joining university and joining the work force Achieving my goals is not always should be someones else goals, although I did joined the work force to help my family, but that was my choice not a family request, as I believed that I there would be another opportunity to join the university. Joining the Karate Club taught me self discipline, order, self confidence, and team work. Academic Working while studying, Studying while working guided me to be more self commitment toward my tasks and responsibilities. Feedback This mirror fulfilment with personal feedback, especially information workers receive about their performance and how they are being judged. Gaining appropriate feedback In our organization feedback on our career development and performance is a paper-based employment formal procedure called the annual appraisal Enhancement Organizational Performance (EOP), no certain study has been carried out by the organization to verify if its work or no, or is it really applied as per the requirement. I dont feel like am getting the right feedback on my development from my superior, its like a Christmas only happens once a year. That was about my professions feedback, regarding my life and personal feedback I intended to interview and questioning people who know me well, and have experienced lot of things with me, like colleagues, friends, family and relatives. Questionnaire and Interview Feedback Its really surprised my how sometime you dont know about yourself, people may see things on you thats you arent aware of. I think I would continue explore my self through this techniques as it get some of the facts and reality am missing. The following summarized the collected feedback from questionnaire and interviews Arguer, defensive attitude and Hard to be convinced Sensitive, emotional and short temper Self confident Hardly decision maker Adventurous Open mind and Out going Friendly, kind, helpful and Cheerful Social Man Hard worker, Team Player, Clever and Talent person. Great Karate Player Care about others more than himself Never say No if he can do something Punctual Self-Assessment Metrics Metrics can enable us to know more about ourselves, to understand others better and to a limited extent can help us set an agenda for personal change in building a realistic picture of my self, metrics can be useful. Personality Frameworks Personality frameworks, however, do not present a direct agenda for change. Additionally, it is very difficult and largely fruitless to strive to change our personality. Therefore to analyse my personality I shall need to get feedback from others, to do so I will give you some of the feedback from my family, relatives, friends, colleagues, workmate and managers. In addition to that I have done a well know Dr.Phill Test as well as another test called Jung Typology Test ENFJ ( Extraverted, Intuitive, Feeling, Judging), the results were as below: Dr. Phil Test My result was 38 and as per analyse of the results indicate that others see me as sensible, cautious, careful practical. They see me as clever, gifted, or talented, but modest. Not a person who makes friends too quickly or easily, but someone whos extremely loyal to friends you do make and who expect the same loyalty in return. Those who really get to know me realize it takes a lot to shake your trust in your friends, but equally that it takes me a long time to get over if that trust is ever broken. Mostly I do agree with Dr.Phil, this really describe my characteristic and my personality analyse, but some how there is something I dont feel like applies to me which is the way I do make friends, well in my opinion I feel I get very quickly or easily with people. Going back to my questionnaire and interviews I did ask about how do they think about the way a get along with people. Responses were 95% responded that am a social man, 3% solitary and 2% not sure!. 100% responded easily can get along with me, 0% hardly. Jung Typology Test This test is based on Carl Jung and Isabel Myers-Briggs typological approach to personality. The results showed that my personality type is slightly expressed extravert 22% , moderately expressed intuitive personality 25%, distinctively expressed feeling personality 62%, which is same is Dr.Phil analyse as well as my findings. And last am slightly expressed judging personality 1%. Personality theorists suggest, to come to terms with how we are and to recognize what our type can bring to our chosen work. Organisational Metrics This is where we assess our own needs and aspirations in terms of professional standards and organizational expectations Organisational Goals The core capabilities required and which defined in EOP- Enhancemnet Organizational Performance are as follow: Understanding the organizational objectives and goals In terms of Production (Oil, Gas, Water) Enhancing the overall performance using business operational tool and techniques Our personal Agenda as predefined for us: Continuous Improvement. Accountability Learning: Challenges New operational tools introduced to the field. Awareness of the available resources and their capabilities. Development Training is required. Leadership Competence Leadership is the achievement of a goal through the course of human assistants. The man who successfully gather together his human team-mate to achieve particular ends is a leader. A great leader is one who can do so day after day, and year after year, in a wide variety of circumstances.( Harvard Business Review, 2004). Most leaders believe in short terms about own leadership style. To develop your leadership ability, however, you need to be more aware of how you lead. A leader is someone who influence others. We all have an image of a leader. you may have heard the myth that Leaders are Born, Not Made! However, numerous leadership studies and programs have shown that individuals with a desire to do so, can take steps to learn, practice and improve their leadership capabilities and develop into leaders. The following highlights on my leadership competences, through out the leadership style test I did. Test 1. Leadership Leadership Style Questionnaire can be found at (www.exsel.mtu.edu). A Well representative test on leadership style, the test is divided into section Leadership Questionnaire My score were 12 P: Concern for people and 4 T: Concern for Task. By drawing a straight line to illustrate an intersection where my shared leadership style is. The point was 8 where it indicate as of being an autocratic and Laissez-Faire leadership style, by mean a high morale and productivity leadership. What Kind of Animal am I? (Lion, Otter, Golden Retriever or Beaver) My highest visual point was 29 Otter and 29 Golden Retriever that concluded: Understing the Key O (Otter) and I (Golden Retriever) Influencing and steadiness style My basic Motivation: recognition, approval, relationships and appreciation this really reflect the need which am missing. Desires situations allow: opportunity to help others, opportunity to motivate people, platform to verbalize ideas, having clearly defined goals and the steps to reach them and being part of a team. Responds best to other who: allows them to work at their own pace, provide personal support, democratic and friendly and provide recognition of abilities. Needs to learn that: time control helps, deadlines are important, change can provide opportunity, you can be :best friends with everybody and listening to others is great, but sharing their own needs and feelings is important. Behavioural Tendencies: Optimistic and people oriented Socially oriented, emotionally energetic Motivated by: loyalty, social recognition: need companionship and group support. Basic Fear: rejection, disapproval in relationships, task criticism( I often interpret this as personal rejection), and loss of stability Limitation: unorganized in accomplishing tasks, possessiveness and adherence to code of order and desire for tranquillity limits my ability to act decisively or face difficult situations. I do strongly agree with the test as it really reflect my leadership behaviour and personality Test 2. Leadership Leadership Style Questionnaire can be found at (http://ocha.unog.ch); http://ochaonline.un.org/ ; United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. This test illustrate the way I do apply my leadership style (directive, democratic, and non-directive/Delegative) which reflect my trend in a specific situation. As pervious test illustrated its seems like I am keen to democratic concern for people in my leadership style, beside to non-directive/ Delegative style Here I found out that I am mostly democratic or emergent, this is an indication for me to work harder on developing my other side of style Directive Style. SWOT Analyses Considering previous analyses pointing on SWOT analysis, this will spotlight on my strengths and weaknesses as well as the opportunities and threats. (S)trengths My positives aspects in being Experienced and Educated Team work, good technical (computer, oil field) and administrative skills. Talented, good contact network. (W)eaknesses My negative aspects in being Short temper and arguer Fear of rejection. Lack of directive leadership skills (O)pportunities In process of enhancing my academic education and profession skills (opportunity for progression) (T)hreats Lack of training provide by my employer. No further grade in my current position unless I change the post. Prioritising needs and Selection World class me World class me is the consideration of all aspects of life including work-related and personal-related areas as well. Things outside work can influence indirection or directly to our work and the other way around too. My world class is not perfect, as my direction is toward accomplishing things only, I need to progress my profession. In addition I need to settle my family at our own house not rental, where there is always a chance of movement from one place to another, by which my family got fed up. There is mess somehow, need for focus is required (profession and personal). Interview Myself My ideal job is working for an organization which cares more about staff development, ideal working environment(recreation, social activity, entertainment). These are simple needs a field employee requires as of being working in desert away from the family. Goals and Plans Some people love plans and other hate it, some people are planners and other emergent. By exercising the activity Planned or Emergent Learning my scores were Planned:23 and Emergent:25. This placed me at Sage, that illustrate my ability to find my own development. My CPD Log By the informati

Cars :: Personal Narrative Driving Transportation Essays

Cars One of the most important steps in becoming an adult is your first car. When you have a car, you don’t need to rely on other people for rides to and from where you want to go. You also learn a great deal, thus making you a more responsible person. I live in Putney, a small town in southeastern Vermont, but I worked and went to school in Brattleboro. Brattleboro is a slightly larger town about a half an hour south of Putney. Since we had to keep stopping to pick up kids, the bus ride to school took an hour. As such, I had to get up a half hour earlier on days I had to ride the bus. That was a huge pain, especially since I hated the bus anyway. After I got my car, I could sleep in. I could also go out to lunch when I was at school, therefore being able to eat where I wanted, and not in the cafeteria. In addition, I could drive myself home after school. That was beneficial because I could hang out with my friends, and go to concerts and movies. I could do whatever I wanted, as long as I made sure my parents were okay with it. My social life improved greatly with the acquisition of my car. If I hadn’t had my car, I could not have worked where I did. I worked at a Lebanese restaurant in downtown Brattleboro. Part of my job was rolling grape leaves in the wholesale department on Mondays and Tuesdays. The job was great, but I never really knew when I was going to be finished. In wholesale, you work until you’re done. When my parents had to come pick me up after work, I had to call them when I was finished, and then hang out for a half an hour until they got there. That didn’t work out very well, especially in the winter. With my car, I was also able to drive myself to all of my appointments, which made them easier to set up, since I only had to work around my schedule, and not my parents’. I was on the

Lebanon War 2006 Essay

The Lebanon War of 2006 began on July 12th, when Hezbollah launched a rocket attack on Israeli military positions stationed near the border between Lebanon and Israel. In the minutes during the ensuing chaos, Hezbollah militants crossed the border into Israel, and kidnapped two Israeli soldiers who they intended to use as collateral in a prisoner exchange with Israel. The war lasted until August 13, 2006, at which point the United Nations intervened. During the war, both sides targeted civilian areas, resulting in the deaths of over one thousand civilians and the displacement of thousands more. In an account of the 2006 Lebanese War published by the Anti-Defamation League, Hezbollah militants are accused of launching rockets into Israel with the intention of harming civilians. Conversely, it is explained that the Israeli military targeted Lebanese civilian areas because Hezbollah has been known to operate out and live amongst civilian homes and stores. In addition, it appears that the author of the account places the blame upon Hezbollah for igniting the war against Israel by launching rockets across the border in the years following the departure of Israeli forces from Lebanon, after the Lebanese Civil War and the Israeli siege on Beirut. The ADL reports that there were over twenty occurrences of attacks launched by Hezbollah militants on Israel between 2000 and 2006. The ADL, however, does not conclude its account of the events without addressing errors made by Israel. Many Israelis allegedly held their own government accountable for the destruction of parts of the country, not because the government retaliated against Hezbollah’s attack, but because â€Å"the military and country had been ill-prepared for the conflict and its soldiers ill-equipped† (ADL). Such accusations prompted the Israeli Prime Minister to order a commission of inquiry to address the accusations. In 2007 and 2008, the Winograd Commission announced that questionable decision making had taken place during the war by Israeli government officials. Rasha Salti’s personal account of the 2006 war from the perspective of a citizen living in Beirut makes no mention of Israel’s self-proclaimed guilt, however. Her compilation of notes written during the war instead portray the violent attacks and practical demolition of Lebanon – a country that had only recently managed to rebuild itself after the conclusion of the fifteen year civil war in 1990. Her frustration about the situation and her devastating accounts of civilian casualties during the 2006 war blame only the Israeli military and government because of the brutal force and destruction used against Lebanon. Salti even makes reference to the abduction of the Israeli soldiers, and criticizes the Israeli government for overreacting and launching a war against Lebanon in retaliation. The ADL’s description provides factual data that is not included in Salti’s â€Å"siege notes†, and alternately the â€Å"siege notes† provide a personal account of the war that any reader would be able to relate to and identify with. Despite reporting upon Israel’s Winograd Commission, the ADL clearly maintains the perspective that Hezbollah functions as a terrorist organization and was at fault for the 2006 Lebanon War. Salti, on the other hand, conveys a clear message about Israel’s vicious military and menacing government. The comparison of documents such as the ADL and Salti accounts of the 2006 Lebanon War illuminates the importance of collecting multiple sources of information before drawing conclusions about any historical event. References: http://www.mepc.org/ http://www.google.com

Innovation and Change

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How to Write a Resume that Beats the Computers

How to Write a Resume that Beats the Computers Your Resume:   Humans vs. Computers When I give webinars on writing resumes, one of the topics I cover is how to make your resume visually appealing.   I often get this question: Why would I want to spend so much time and money making my resume pretty if it’s just going to confuse the computers? My answer is that yes, the computers are important, and that you ALSO need to have a resume that’s designed to be read by human beings.   We all know that you are most likely to find your job through networking or the â€Å"hidden job market.† When you send materials to someone in your network or to a decision-maker in the hidden job market, you want to include a professional-looking resume.   And when it’s time for an interview, it’s also advisable to have a nicely formatted resume to hand across the table. For those of you who are hoping to get those interviews by applying online, the question still remains: How can I write a resume that makes it past the computers?   In other words:   How can I raise my odds above 2%? Keep reading. There are two issues with submitting online resumes.   One is the format of the resume; the second is the keywords it contains. Formatting for Robots: ATS (Applicant Tracking System) software is not the smartest software in the world.   It gets confused by bullets, non-traditional headings, graphs, tables, and text boxes.   So you need to have a version of your resume that is stripped down and organized just for the computers. We call this your â€Å"text-based† resume. Your text-based resume should follow these guidelines: Create it in (or copy it into) a text editor such as Notepad, SimpleText or TextEdit. Use easily understandable headings like â€Å"Summary of Qualifications,† â€Å"Professional Experience† and â€Å"Education.† Don’t get fancy or creative with your headings, and don’t put two categories together in one section.   Do NOT, for instance, use the heading â€Å"Education Certifications† or â€Å"Skills Interests.† Use dashes or asterisks instead of bullets. List your address in standard â€Å"tombstone† style, one line on top of the next. Put spaces between sections. Here’s what your text-based resume might look like (beautiful, isnt it?): How will you know what keywords to use in your resume? Just because the computers can read your resume doesn’t mean you will have the right keywords to make it past their screening systems. Perhaps counter-intuitively, the keywords that truly make a difference with computer scanners are the ones you have on your resume that not everyone else includes. I have no doubt that you have great experience that qualifies you for many positions. If the computer can understand and rank it properly, it will help you immensely.

Quantitative Article Critique-Nursing leadership style and Research Paper

Quantitative Article Critique-Nursing leadership style and psychosocial work environment - Research Paper Example They had indicated that the in terms of leadership, they study sought to find out the extent to which transformational leadership and job satisfaction have a positive relationship. Besides, they sought to find out exactly how leadership style and psychological work environment since there are few studies that lend support to any positive relationship between the two. In order to conduct the study successfully, the purpose of the study was clearly stated in the declarative statement in the aims. For example, the study indicated that the purpose of the study was to obtain a leadership and work environment information for a particular group of leaders. It was also indicated as part of the purpose of the study that the information obtained was to be used by the department that set out to do research to develop a plan for leadership. After elaboration on the purpose of the study, the research had elaborated on the hypotheses to be tested. The study had adopted a non-directional hypothesis in which, for instance, they had stated that there is a significant relationship between transformational leadership components and psychosocial work environment. There were four hypotheses that the study sought to find out. In all the four, the authors had used adopted non-directional hypotheses. The study used a number of independent and dependent variables. The independent variables used in the study were leadership styles. Under leadership component analyzed included leadership style behavior of transformational leadership such as building trust, demonstrating integrity, inspiring others, encouraging others, and coaching. On the other hand, transactional leadership components that the study analyzed included rewarding achievements and monitoring mistakes. The last leadership style that the study analyzed as an independent variable was passive avoidance leadership. The independent variables that were used in the study included psychosocial work

Literature Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Literature Review - Essay Example Literature related to group and teamwork will be reviewed in order to gain full insight of this particular topic and how it impacts on the behaviour of people working in an organization. This topic has been chosen since it is insightful in that it is concerned with illustrating how knowledge gained about groups affect the behaviour of people involved in order to make organizations work more effectively. The paper will also outline a personal reflection about what I have gained from studying this topic as well as areas that need further research to improve the body of knowledge that exists in this particular topic. Text analysis Why do people join groups? A group is defined as â€Å"two or more individuals, interacting and interdependent, who have come together to achieve particular objectives,† (Robbins, 1993, p. 285). On the other hand, a team is a group of people that has been formed to work together in common, coordinate their action towards the achievement of an outcome of the project for the benefit of the group (Schultz, 2005). There is no single reason why people join a group. The most popular reasons for joining a group are related to our needs for security, status, self esteem, affiliation, power and goal achievement (Robbins, 1993). People often believe that there is more strength in joining groups than standing alone (Robbins, 1993). When people work in a group, they have fewer doubts and they are more resistant to threats. For instance, new employees in an organization often vulnerable to a sense of isolation and this is the reason why the turn to the group for guidance and moral support from other seasoned employees. Other people join a group as a way of gaining status (Robbins, 1993). People tend to gain prestige for belonging to a particular group that is seen as important in an organization. It can also be observed that people belonging to a certain group also develop a sense of self esteem. The feeling of self worth is often developed by people who belong to a prestigious group that is envied by many people. The other reason why people join a group is that they need affiliation with other people (Robbins, 1993). Some people may be very reach but they cannot leave their jobs as a result of the need to interact with others. Groups often represent power and this is the reason why people often join them. What often cannot be achieved individually becomes possible if people work in groups. Essence of group or teamwork in an organization The goal of the team or group should be synergy, in other words, the sum of the individual efforts in the team is greater than the sum of the individual inputs (Schultz 2005). In an organization, people who often pull their efforts towards the attainment of the same goals are likely to succeed in their endeavour than people who work as individuals. It may be difficult for a person to achieve the same goal that can be achieved by a group of people. Basically, organizational goals can be a chieved if people work in groups. Some tasks require the efforts of many people in order for them to be achieved. The main objectives of the organization have to be shared by all the workers so that they share the same understanding towards the vision of the organization. In an organization that is characterised by teamwork, it can be seen that the employees are also motivated to pull